Network routing is the process of selecting optimal paths for data packets to travel across interconnected networks, ensuring they reach their intended destinations. Routers, which operate at the Network Layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model, use routing protocols and algorithms to direct traffic between different networks, such as LANs, WANs, and the internet.

Network switching is a critical process in modern computer networks, enabling efficient data transmission between devices. It involves directing data packets from a source to a destination through interconnected nodes, typically using switches—devices that operate at the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) or Network Layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model.

Key Concepts