Network

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A Network Video Recorder (NVR) is a specialized device or software system used in modern video surveillance to store, manage, and analyze footage from IP (Internet Protocol) cameras. Unlike traditional DVRs (Digital Video Recorders), which work with analog cameras, NVRs are designed for IP-based systems, offering higher flexibility, scalability, and advanced features. NVRs are central to smart security setups in homes, businesses, and public spaces.

A firewall is a network security device or software that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predefined security rules. Acting as a barrier between trusted internal networks (e.g., a corporate LAN) and untrusted external networks (e.g., the internet), firewalls prevent unauthorized access, block malicious traffic, and protect sensitive data. They are a cornerstone of modern cybersecurity strategies.

Network routing is the process of selecting optimal paths for data packets to travel across interconnected networks, ensuring they reach their intended destinations. Routers, which operate at the Network Layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model, use routing protocols and algorithms to direct traffic between different networks, such as LANs, WANs, and the internet.

Network switching is a critical process in modern computer networks, enabling efficient data transmission between devices. It involves directing data packets from a source to a destination through interconnected nodes, typically using switches—devices that operate at the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) or Network Layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model.

Key Concepts